It is expected that developments and expertise from areas such as computer science, biology or neuroinformatics, would be catalytic in generating and developing new concepts. Key issues are scalability, projected power consumption, and potential for room temperature operation. This performance increase has been achieved mainly by reducing the size of circuit features and the optimisation of CMOS technology. Development of novel devices the aim is to demonstrate at least logic gate, memory cell, or other elementary processor. They need to be demonstrated at macroscopic scale first, before nanoscale implementation.

Potential scalability and are key issues. Although single MOSFETs with sizes almost down to nm have already been demonstrated, severe technological obstacles in terms of interconnect technology, dielectric materials, lithography, and design complexity slow down further progress. Development of novel devices the aim is to demonstrate at least logic gate, memory cell, or other elementary processor. Such slow down also be the result of financial considerations In the of new factory was of the order of 1. 3 billion and is expected to reach billion by Interfacing to the macroscopic world should be considered.

They need to be demonstrated at macroscopic scale first, before nanoscale implementation. Such slow down also be the result of financial considerations In the of new factory was of the order of 1. 3 billion and is expected to reach billion by It is expected that developments and expertise from areas such as computer science, biology or neuroinformatics, would be catalytic in generating and developing new concepts. The development of the appropriate functional materials and structures is part of the expected work.

Although single MOSFETs with sizes almost down to nm have already been demonstrated, severe technological obstacles in terms of interconnect technology, dielectric materials, lithography, and design complexity slow down further progress. Huge investment costs either for R&D or new fabs thus make progress along Moores law financially untenable in the next years, thus opening window of opportunity to new approaches that break away from conventional miniaturisation.. It is expected that developments and expertise from areas such as computer science, biology or neuroinformatics, would be catalytic in generating and developing new concepts.

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